题目大意

双边类大作文，环境类话题

Some people think it is acceptable to use animals in any way for the benefit of humans. Others think it is wrong to exploit animals for human purposes. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

题目来源：2024年12月28日大陆雅思大作文（重复2013年4月18日大陆考题）

有些人认为，为了人类的利益，以任何方式使用动物都是可以接受的。其他人认为为人类目的利用动物是错误的。讨论双方观点并给出自己的意见。

思路解析

这是一道双边类大作文，讨论的是人类利用动物是否合理。双边类的题目，需要对每个观点分别表达同意或反对，最终的结论就是我的立场，可以是中立（双方都同意或都反对），也可以是单边支持某一方立场。审题时注意一点，利用动物是为了“the benefit of human beings”，不牵扯别的目的和情况。下面老师带大家来看下具体观点。

首先来看合理的原因，有两方面。

一是在医学领域方面，人类在研究新的药物时，需要进行大量实验来观察药物效果或者可能存在的副作用，而将研究中的药物直接用在活人身上无疑更加残忍且违背伦理的行为，因此，通过动物来进行研究是相对合理的。

二是畜牧业在许多国家是主要的经济支柱，提供了肉类、奶制品、皮革、羊毛等关键产品。这些产品不仅满足了人类的衣食需求，也为大量农民和相关产业链从业者提供了生计来源。

然后来看认为错误的原因，可以有两方面。

一方面，滥用动物资源会破坏生态平衡。大规模的狩猎、养殖和基因实验可能对生态系统造成严重冲击。例如，过度捕捞某些鱼类。环境的失衡不仅威胁其他生物的生存，也会反噬人类自身的生活环境。

另一方面，替代方案的发展让动物利用不再是唯一选择。近年来，越来越多的技术成果，诸如体外细胞模型、计算机模拟等方法，可以减轻甚至取代动物实验。此外，人造肉、植物蛋白制品以及微生物发酵技术的出现，也为满足人类对肉类和其他动物制品的需求提供了可行替代路径。

参考范文

Throughout human history, animals have played an integral role in providing food, clothing, and even companionship. While some argue that using animals for human gain is both justified and beneficial, others contend that such exploitation is fundamentally unethical. In my view, both sides of this debate hold valid points, and a balanced approach is necessary.

On the one hand, advocates of utilizing animals highlight the considerable advancements such practices have contributed to society. For instance, medical research on animals has yielded life-saving treatments and vaccines, significantly improving human health and longevity. They also assert that many communities rely on livestock for sustenance, as meat and dairy products supply vital nutrients where plant-based alternatives are not readily accessible. By the same token, certain industries, such as agriculture and transportation, have historically depended on animals to enhance productivity. Consequently, from this perspective, exploiting animals is seen as a pragmatic step that underpins humanity’s progress.

On the other hand, critics of animal exploitation emphasize the ethical implications of inflicting pain or distress on sentient beings. They argue that animals have the capacity to experience fear and suffering, and therefore, using them in laboratory experiments or factory farming systems is morally questionable. Furthermore, advances in technology and scientific research now offer substitutes, such as computer simulations and tissue cultures, reducing the necessity for animal testing. Opponents also highlight the environmental impact of industrial livestock production, which can contribute to deforestation, water pollution, and climate change. Hence, these arguments suggest that placing human gain above animal welfare is both unethical and unsustainable in the long term.

In conclusion, although using animals has historically facilitated pivotal developments in health and agriculture, it is imperative to ensure that moral considerations and environmental responsibilities are not overlooked. Striking a compromise by enforcing stricter regulations, investing in alternative methods, and treating animals humanely would allow society to benefit from scientific and economic progress without compromising ethical standards.

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